منابع مشابه
Pathogen Recognition and Innate Immunity
Microorganisms that invade a vertebrate host are initially recognized by the innate immune system through germline-encoded pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). Several classes of PRRs, including Toll-like receptors and cytoplasmic receptors, recognize distinct microbial components and directly activate immune cells. Exposure of immune cells to the ligands of these receptors activates intracell...
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Innate immunity induces rapid responses to fight invading pathogens. To eliminate intracellular bacteria or viruses, innate cellular responses lead to the production of nuclear factor-κB-dependent inflammatory cytokines, inflammasome activation, type I interferon synthesis, and/or eventually death of the infected cells. Autophagy emerged as another component of innate immunity, as it offers an ...
متن کاملPhagocytosis, Innate Immunity, and Host–Pathogen Specificity
In mammals, phagocytosis is essential for a variety of biological events, including tissue remodeling and the continuous clearance of dying cells. Furthermore, phagocytosis represents an early and crucial event in triggering host defenses against invading pathogens, which is the focus of this commentary. Phagocytosis comprises a series of events, starting with the binding and recognition of par...
متن کاملSensing and Signaling in Antiviral Innate Immunity
Viruses are detected by the innate immune system, leading to the initiation of the anti-viral immune response via the production of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1. Remarkable progress has been made over the past few years towards understanding the contribution of Toll-like receptors, RIG-I like receptors, NOD-like receptors and HIN-200 family members to vira...
متن کاملStudying host-pathogen interactions and innate immunity in Caenorhabditis elegans.
The genetic analysis of mechanisms of pathogen resistance in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has revealed a role for evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways that are required for innate immunity in a wide range of organisms, from worms to mammals. C. elegans represents one of the more simple host organisms in which mechanisms of host defense can be dissected, and the use of C. elegans p...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Expert Review of Vaccines
سال: 2010
ISSN: 1476-0584,1744-8395
DOI: 10.1586/erv.09.141